Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography meekc is an electrodriven separation technique. It is a modification of capillary electrophoresis ce, extending its functionality to neutral analytes, where the samples are separated by differential partitioning between micelles pseudostationary phase and a surrounding aqueous buffer solution mobile phase. Nov 10, 2001 separation of very hydrophobic analytes by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Haddad 9 principles of enantiomer separations in electrokinetic chromatography 179 bezhan chankvetadze. The separation principle of mekc is based on the differential partition of the solute. Definition of chromatography, micellar electrokinetic capillary in the definitions.
Micellar and microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography. A method employing highperformance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection lced has been successfully developed for the determination of uric acid in human salvia. The separation principle of mekc is based on a differential. The structure of microemulsion droplets is unique, since the nonpolar solvent droplets are coated with surfactants 44. Meekc is defined as microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography very rarely. Capillary electromigration separation methods is a thorough, encompassing reference that not only defines the concept of contemporary practice, but also demonstrates its implementation in laboratory science. Analytes may partition between the aqueous phase of the microemulsion and its oil droplets, which act as a pseudostationary phase. Department of chemistry, center of biotechnology and drug design, georgia state university, atlanta, ga 30303. Terabe is well known for his pioneering work in the field of micellar electrokinetic chromatography.
Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography meekc is an attractive capillary electrophoretic technique in which a microemulsion is used as carrier electrolyte. May 01, 20 microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography meekc is a ce separation technique, which utilizes buffered microemulsions as the separation media. Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography springerlink. While 2d micelle or microemulsionassisted pecmetlc is mentioned for illustrative purposes, planar micellar electrokinetic chromatography mekc and planar micellar liquid chromatography mlc are alternative separation modalities that can be used together or in various combinations with either micelle or microemulsionassisted pec or metlc. Definitions for chromatography, micellar electrokinetic. Pseudostationary phase composition is so critical to successful resolution in ekc, and several variables could be. He is a member of the editorial advisory boards of the journal of. Capillary gel electrophoresis cge, which is mainly used for biopolymer separation is accomplished in a capil. Definitions for chromatography, micellar electrokinetic capillary. Separation of hydrophobic polymer additives by microemulsion. Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography meekc is a special mode of capillary electrophoresis employing a microemulsion as carrier electrolyte.
Thus, the separation principle of mekc is similar to that of chromatography, although the micelle corresponding to the stationary phase in chromatography is not stationary inside the capillary. Dec 01, 2012 vi microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography meekc electrokinetic chromatography is a family of electrophoresis separation techniques which include electroosmosis, electrophoresis and chromatography and the separation is based on a combination of electrophoresis and interactions of the analytes with additives such as surfactants that form. Oct 27, 2008 hence, ce was unable to separate neutral analytes until the advent of micellar electrokinetic chromatography mekc. Micellar electrokinetic chromatography mekc is a mode of ekc in which surfactants micelles are added to the buffer solution. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Microemulsions 15 are solutions containing nanometersized droplets dispersed throughout another immiscible liquid 16,17. Application of the retention index concept in micellar. Martin and synge receive nobel prize for invention of partition chromatography or plate theory to describe column efficiency 1966. Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography meekc was developed for the separation of hydrophobic neutral compounds. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. The optimal chromatographic conditions were found to comprise a mobile phase containing 5 % methanol, 95 % 50 mm trichloroacetic acid, adjusted to ph 2. It is based on electrophoresis and interactions between the studied compounds and the additives in the filling solution of the capillary 38. Electrokinetic chromatography ekc is a family of electrophoresis techniques, which include electroosmosis, electrophoresis, and chromatography. Recent developments in capillary electrophoresis of steroids.
Journal of chromatography a, 1110 2006 227234 cyclodextrinmodi. Theory, instrumentation and applications pyell, ute on. Journal of chromatography a, 807 1998 111119 microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography of fatty acids as phenacyl esters ivan miks. Feb 07, 20 cds have advantages over organic solvents, as they are uv transparent and nonvolatile. First, stacking of the micelles at the cathodic interface between the sample solution s and background solution. The effects of core phase and cosurfactant on the separations were investigated. Optimum separation conditions were investigated with respect to the. Separations are achieved using microemulsions, which are nanometersized oil droplets suspended in an aqueous buffer. Journal of chromatography a 2008, 11981199, 208214. Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography of fatty acids. Meaning of chromatography, micellar electrokinetic capillary.
Pdf since its introduction capillary electrophoresis has shown great potential in. A powerful analytical tool, electrophoresis on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Box 5, 5600 mb eindhoven, the netherlands the application of the retention index concept in micellar. Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography springer nature. The term micellar electrokinetic chromatography mekc denoting a separation method that is based on electrokinetic effects and distribution between a surrounding aqueous pseudophase and a micellar pseudophase was coined by terabe et al. Abstract microemulsions are used in a similar way as micellar solutions are used for separations in capillary electrophoresis. Dec 01, 2010 a novel method using microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography combining accelerated solvent extraction was developed for quantitative analysis of six phthalate esters paes including dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, benzyl butyl phthalate, bis2. View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library html view download pdf for offline viewing. The separation principle of microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography meekc is similar to micellar electrokinetic chromatography mekc.
In the last few years microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography meekc has become an important field of research in capillary electrophoresis. Ce with conventional uv detection has recently been shown as a highly effective means to assaying cytotoxic galliumiiibased compounds with regard to desirable druglike properties such as the stability and binding to serum proteins. Selectivity in microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography. Jan 12, 2018 microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography meekc is another ekc separation technique that utilizes microemulsion me instead of micelles in steroids separation 43. Micelleand microemulsionassisted planar separations. An introduction to the theory and application of microemulsion. Its separation principle is based on the differential migration of the ionic micelles and the bulk running buffer under.
Within the last eight years, a number of papers have appeared in the literature. Recent applications of microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography. Also, during the past few years, the development and application of meekc for the separation of chiral molecules has been expanded, based on. Pdf principles of micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. Recent developments in the techniques of single cell analysis, as well as derivation. Chiral separations in microemulsion electrokinetic. Oct 25, 2017 micellar electrokinetic chromatography mekc is a mode of ekc in which surfactants micelles are added to the buffer solution.
Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography meekc is based on a similar separation principle. Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography meekc is an electrodriven separation technique, which offers the possibility of highly efficient separations of both charged and neutral solutes covering a wide range of solubilities 115. Mekc can be performed by adding an ionic micelle to the running solution of ce without modifying the instrument. Microemulsions used in micellar electrokinetic chromatography commonly called microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography, meekc, are a continuous dispersion of charged oil droplets in an aqueous electrolyte. Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography of fatty acids as. Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography meekc is a mode of ce, which utilises microemulsion me as the background electrolyte to achieve separation of a diverse range of analytes. Due to the extremely hydrophobic nature of these analytes, they could not be separated using standard meekc conditions and two. Electrokinetic chromatography ekc is a family of electrophoresis tech niques named. An overview about the applications of meekc is given. An introduction to gel permeation chromatography and size. These separation mechanisms operate essentially in superposition along the length of. Biomedical applications of capillary electrophoresis.
The determination of uric acid in human saliva by liquid. Development and validation of a high performance liquid chromatography method for determination of telmisartan in rabbit plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. Sample stacking for determination of aromatic acid impurities. The separation mechanisms involved are discussed and the technique is compared to solventmodified micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Eof consists of results from the presence of negatively charged walls on capillary surface i. Sweeping of neutral analytes in electrokinetic chromatography. In meekc, microemulsion droplets consisting of oil and the aqueous phase stabilized by surfactants and cosurfactants, are used as the pseudostationary phase. Prediction of retention in micellar electrokinetic. Electrokinetic chromatography islamic university of gaza. Synthesis, characterization, and application of chiral ionic liquids and their. Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography meekc is a special mode of.
Mekc 29, microemulsions microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography. Chapters are authored by recognized experts in the field, ensuring that the content reflects the latest developments in research. Electrokinetic chromatography ekc is a family of electrophoresis techniques named after electrokinetic phenomena, which include electroosmosis, electrophoresis, and chromatography. Journal of chromatography a, 1043 2004 292 chiral separations in microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography use of micelle polymers and microemulsion polymers rashid iqbal, syed asad ali rizvi, cevdet akbay, shahab a. Pressure and electrokinetic injections for online sample stacking neutral analytes in microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography with saltcontaining matrixes. Cramers laboratory of instrumental analysis, eindhoven university of technology, p. Flow injection analysis with uv detection at 735 nm based on the reduction of prussian blue. An overview of the microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography technique and its fields of applications in analytical chemistry are given. Power j, altria k 2010 advances in the theory and application of meekc. Micellar electrokinetic chromatography linkedin slideshare. Capillary electromigration separation methods 1st edition.
Paul gemperline, department of chemistry, east carolina university che. In micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography, surfactants are added to the. How is microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography abbreviated. The present paper aims to summarize the basic aspects regarding separation principles and practical applications of micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography, with particular attention to those relevant in pharmaceutical analysis. Mixed micellar and microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography. It is a combination of size exclusion chromatography gel filtration chromatography and gel electrophoresis. Meekc stands for microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography. Determination of phthalate esters in soil by microemulsion. Recent progress in chiral separation principles in. Read determination of phthalate esters in soil by microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography coupled with accelerated solvent extraction, journal of separation science on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Hplc was first named by horvath at yale university but hplc didnt catch on until the 1970s 1978. A microemulsion is formed from an organic solvent of low water solubility e. Analytes may partition between the aqueous phase of the microemulsion and its oil droplets which act as a pseudostationary phase.
Focuses on the technique of electrokinetic capillary chromatography and its applications in various areas, including pharmaceutical, industrial, environmental, and biological chemistry features invaluable information put together from experienced researchers in the area. Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography of proteins. Capillary electrophoresis presentation linkedin slideshare. Micellar electrokinetic chromatography mekc, a separation mode of cap. Palmer 8 pseudostationary ionexchange phases 153 philip j. Mekc is performed with an addition of ionic micelles to an electrophoretic medium, where a portion of the analyte is incorporated into the micelle and has an apparent charge, which can be subject to electrophoretic separation. Electrokinetic chromatography ekc is the most used technique for separation of nonionic compounds.
Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography or solvent. Micellar electrokinetic chromatography mekc, a separation mode of capillary electrophoresis ce, has enabled the separation of electrically neutral analytes. Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography an overview. The surface tension between the oil and water components is reduced by covering the oil. Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography meekc has been applied to the separation of some phenolic antioxidants irganox 1024, irganox 1035, irganox 1076, irganox 1010, irganox 30, irgafos 8, irganox 168 and 2,6ditert. Like other chromatographic techniques, retention factor, k, in micellar electrokinetic chromatography mekc is directly related to solute partition coefficient and the chromatographic phase ratio as k k unlike conventional chromatography, however, the phase ratio and partition coefficient can be accurately determined in mekc for a given micellar pseudostationary phase. Capillary gel electrophoresis cge, which is mainly used for biopolymer separation is. Download product flyer is to download pdf in new tab.
Historically the porous medium was made of a gel and therefore gel permeation chromatography was coined, a term. What does chromatography, micellar electrokinetic capillary mean. The effect of each individual component within the microemulsions. Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography meekc is another ce mode that can be an alternative method for the separation of a wide range of compounds.
Curriculum vitae department of chemistry western illinois. Institute of physiology,academy of sciences of the czech republic,v. Shimadzu solutions for science since 1875 modern hplc late 1970searly 1980s instrumentation developed for high pressure solvent delivery. In the past two decades, meekc has blossomed into a powerful separation technique for the analysis of a wide range of compounds. Information and translations of chromatography, micellar electrokinetic capillary in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography request pdf. Micellar electrokinetic chromatography mekc is a chromatography technique used in analytical chemistry.
Sample stacking for determination of aromatic acid. Rem, voor een commissie aangewezen door het college van dekanen in het openbaar te verdedigen op dinsdag 10 september 1996 om 16. Gas chromatography gc or glc is a normally utilized analytic technique as a part of numerous research and industrial research facilities for quality control and in addition identification and quantitation of components in a mixture. The concept of sweeping neutral analytes using a highconductivity matrix or under a reduced electric field in micellar electrokinetic chromatography mekc using anionic micelles and in the presence of electroosmotic flow is presented. This new edition presents principle methods in capillary electrophoresis ce separation involving cze, mekc, mecc, nace, and corresponding hyphenated techniques to organic mass spectrometry and icpms. The principle behind lc involves a liquid mobile phase and a solid stationary phase in the column or in a thin layer. Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography meekc has been applied to the separation of some phenolic antioxidants irganox 1024, irganox 1035, irganox 1076, irganox 1010, irganox 30, irgafos. Maher hm 2015 stacking as sample online preconcentration technique in microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography. Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography was used to separate a test mixture of proteins effectively. This definition appears very rarely and is found in the following acronym finder categories. Electrochromatography is a chemical separation technique in analytical chemistry, biochemistry and molecular biology used to resolve and separate mostly large biomolecules such as proteins. Recent progress in chiral separation principles in capillary. The schematic principle in cyclodextrin modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography is presented cdmekc figure 3. In this study, a sample stacking step coupled with microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography meekc was used to detect and analyze nine aromatic acids benzoic acid ba, isophthalic acid ipa, terephthalic acid tpa, ptoluic acid pta, 4carboxylbenzaldehyde 4cba, trimesic acid tsa, trimellitic acid tma, ophthalic acid opa, and hemimellitic acid hma which are common.
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